探讨独生子女与非独生子女大学毕业生人际、自尊、自我效能情况.方法 选择546名应届大学毕业生为研究对象,其中317名为独生子女设为独生子女组,229名为非独生子女设为非独生子女组,采用大学生人际关系综合诊断量表、大学生自尊量表、一般自我效能感量表评定两组大学生的人际、自尊、自我效能情况,并进行比较.结果 独生子女组人际关系综合诊断量表总分显著高于非独生子女组(P＜0 .01).独生子女组大学生自尊量表倾向于自认为失败者、感到自己值得骄傲的地方不多、要是能更看得起自己就好了、有时感到自己很没用4个条目评分显著低于非独生子女组(P＜0 .05或0 .01) ,总分显著低于非独生子女组(P＜0 .01).独生子女组一般自我效能感量表自信能应付突发事情、以我的才智定能应付意外、无论身上发生何事都能应付自如3个条目评分显著低于非独生子女组(P＜0 .05) ,总分显著低于非独生子女组(P＜0 .01) .结论 独生子女大学毕业生在人际、自尊、自我效能方面存在不足,应该理解和支持独生子女大学毕业生群体,为他们争取就业机会和顺利走上工作岗位提供更多指导和帮助.、Objective To explore the interpersonal relationship ,self-esteem and self-efficacy of the only-child and non-only-child college graduates.Methods 546 fresh graduates were selected as research sub-jects ,of which 317 were the only-child and 229 were the non-only-child.The interpersonal relationship , self-esteem and self-efficacy of the two groups of college students were assessed by the CSIRS ,SES and GSES.Results The total score of CSIRS in the only child group was significantly higher than that in the non-only child group (P＜0.01).In the SES ,the scores of four items (self-identified loser ,there is not much to be proud of ,if only I could think better of myself ,sometimes I feel so useless) were lower in the only-child group than those in the non-only-child group (P＜0.05 or 0.01) ,and the total score was sig-nificantly lower than that in the non-only child group (P＜0.01).In the GSES ,the scores of three items (confident to cope with unexpected things ,my wits will handle the accident ,I can handle it no matter what happens) were lower in the only-child group than those in the non-only-child group (P＜0.05) ,and the total score was significantly lower than that in the non-only child group (P＜0.01).Conclusion The one-child college graduates have shortcomings in terms of interpersonal relationships ,self-esteem and self-efficacy.The group of one-child college graduates should be understood and supported.Provide more guid-ance and help for them to find employment opportunities and get on with the job.