探讨丙肝患者血清白细胞介素-17 、白细胞介素-21与丙型肝炎病毒RNA载量的关系.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法检测128例丙型肝炎病毒阳性患者和40例无偿献血者血清白细胞介素-17 、白细胞介素-21水平,速率法检测丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶水平.将87例丙型肝炎病毒Ab 、丙型肝炎病毒RNA均阳性的患者分为低、中、高病毒载量组,进行相关性分析.结果 阳性组丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶/天冬氨酸转氨酶、白细胞介素-17水平显著高于阴性组(P＜0 .01) ,且两组均显著高于对照组(P＜0 .01) ;阳性组白细胞介素-21水平显著低于阴性组(P＜0 .01) ,且两组均显著低于对照组(P＜0 .01).随着病毒载量升高,丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶/天冬氨酸转氨酶、白细胞介素-17水平呈递增升高,白细胞介素-21水平呈递减降低,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0 .01) .血清丙型肝炎病毒RNA载量与白细胞介素-17水平呈显著正相关( P＜0 .01) ,与白细胞介素-21水平呈显著负相关(P＜0 .01) .结论 丙型肝炎患者血清丙型肝炎病毒RNA载量与白细胞介素-17水平呈显著正相关,与白细胞介素-21水平呈显著负相关.、Objective To investigate the relationship between serum interleukin-17 ,interleukin-21 and hepatitis C virus RNA load in patients with hepatitis C .Methods Serum interleukin-17 and interleukin-21 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 128 cases of hepatitis C virus positive pa-tients and 40 unpaid blood donors .Rate method was used to detect the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase .87 patients with positive hepatitis C virus Ab and hepatitis C virus RNA were divided into low ,medium and high viral load groups for correlation analysis .Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase , aspartate aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotrans-ferase and interleukin-17 in the positive group were significantly higher than those in the negative group (P＜0 .01) ,and both groups were significantly higher than the control group (P＜0 .01) ;the level of in-terleukin-21 in the positive group was significantly lower than that in the negative group (P＜0 .01) ,and both groups were significantly lower than the control group ( P＜0 .01).With the increase of viral load , the levels of alanine aminotransferase , aspartate aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase and interleukin-17 increased ,and the level of interleukin-21 decreased progressively ,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0 .01).Serum hepatitis C virus RNA load was significantly positively correlated w ith interleukin-17 level ( P＜ 0 .01 ) ,and negatively correlated w ith interleukin-21 level (P＜ 0.01). Conclusion Serum hepatitis C virus RNA load is positively correlated with inter-leukin-17 level and negatively correlated with in-terleukin-21 level in patients with hepatitis C.